Here's a my 2 cents reposted from Lab-nomads Newcomer thread
I have done a lot of desert camping and here's what I know works.
Invest in at least a pair of Kool Wraps or their equivalent. The sleeves that hold dry gel that absorbs tons of water that you wear around your neck. I chill one in a container or zip lock bag full of ice water in my cooler and while I wear the other. The veins and arteries in your neck pass blood between your heart and brain. Cooling your neck, cools your blood. In really cold weather the same rule applies, keep your neck warm. Water evaporates rather quick in the desert, not so much in swamp country. Even in humid weather where evaporation doesn't cool as much, the temperature difference still helps. Kool Wraps can be used over and over, and be washed. If you need to store them make sure they are completely dry (mildew, yuck). You can squeeze some of the water out, but it is best to let them drip dry in the sun.
A kaffiyeh, a desert scarf, is really handy for hot dry weather. It cast shade, breathes, and can be soaked in water. It can also keep you warm on a cold desert night. It can be worn a lot of different ways. They don't handle rain well, but otherwise they are invaluable. Since long before biblical times people have used them and the only way I could see to possibly improving them is microfiber.
I have also found that attaching bandannas to the brim of a wide hat to hang like curtains casting shade helps a lot. Does it look silly? Who cares, when comfort is it's own reward. Make sure you have a hat that breathes, that applies for the rest of your clothes. In dry heat cover up as much as possible in loose clothing with minimal layers. In humid weather wear as little as possible. No matter what exploit any shade and breeze.
If you are in enclosed space make sure to vent hot air up and out as much as bringing cool air in. There is nothing worse than being trapped inside a solar heated oven. My travel trailer has a pop up air vent and side windows. With the awning deployed I have shade on the side exposed to the sun. I can vent in air through windows and out through the ceiling. It's not air conditioning, but it takes a lot less amps and can be driven with a very small solar panel. Bear in mind that your body also releases heat, by both breathing and radiation. It may make more sense to stay outside in the shade and then adding heat to an enclosed space. Of course if you have air conditioning all of this is moot.