The 'alpha dog' theory has been pretty well debunked, although it is still offered by people who seem to have some dominance problems themselves.
Dominance and Dog Training from the Association of Professional Dog Trainers:
https://apdt.com/pet-owners/choosing-a-trainer/dominance/
And you can offer all kinds of theories about what dogs pay attention to, but food rules in that respect, so it would seem to make more sense using it to get and keep their attention, and then gradually removing it when they understand the associated voice and hand commands. Anyone who has used food and then became the slave of the dog forever afterward, failed to finish the program. You have to follow through, you have to finish the job, and it really helps if you have a higher IQ than the dog. (That's why Border Collies are turned over to rescue groups so often.)