I leave all my lithium batteries (lifepo4/ li-ion) fully charge for months on end. Its like laptop batteries that are always plugged-in fully charge, they will still last you for years. If you keep them at half charge they will last you longer, but keeping them fully charge won't damage them.
A fully charged 4s LiFePO4 battery is 14.6 volts (3.65V per cell) , and a fully depleted LiFePO4 battery is 10 volts (2.5V per cell) but most bms won't let it get that low, they cutoff at 3 volts). When you received the battery it was probably reading 13 volts, thats the voltage a lifepo4 has when its between 10 and 90 percent. They usually ship half full from factory (13 volts). The only way to know the true charge is with a balance charger, as soon as it starts charging as each cell voltage goes up the charger will tell you what percentage it is.
Just charge it back up and will be ok, unless the bms is bad. But since it reads 12 volts (3 volt per cell) it looks like its still good, its just fully discharged. But I find it strange that just sitting around it self depleted down to 12 volts. I had a 110 ah lifepo4 stored fully charge for over an year that was still reading 13.1 volts when I brought out for use.